diff --git a/gcc/c/c-decl.cc b/gcc/c/c-decl.cc
index 96bfe9290fd9b501886e8936e64063e42078c6c8..c58ff4ab2488c0f37daf4b3521e243bd157b29f8 100644
--- a/gcc/c/c-decl.cc
+++ b/gcc/c/c-decl.cc
@@ -6514,9 +6514,14 @@ build_compound_literal (location_t loc, tree type, tree init, bool non_const,
     {
       int failure = complete_array_type (&TREE_TYPE (decl),
 					 DECL_INITIAL (decl), true);
-      /* If complete_array_type returns 3, it means that the
-         initial value of the compound literal is empty.  Allow it.  */
+      /* If complete_array_type returns 3, it means that the initial value of
+         the compound literal is empty.  Allow it with a pedwarn; in pre-C23
+         modes, the empty initializer itself has been diagnosed if pedantic so
+         does not need to be diagnosed again here.  */
       gcc_assert (failure == 0 || failure == 3);
+      if (failure == 3 && flag_isoc23)
+	pedwarn (loc, OPT_Wpedantic,
+		 "array of unknown size with empty initializer");
 
       type = TREE_TYPE (decl);
       TREE_TYPE (DECL_INITIAL (decl)) = type;
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/c23-empty-init-4.c b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/c23-empty-init-4.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..491343c053d96e4f3b1bb6de22af5a9c9671fc9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/c23-empty-init-4.c
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/* Test C23 support for empty initializers: invalid for empty arrays in
+   compound literals (bug 114266).  */
+/* { dg-do compile } */
+/* { dg-options "-std=c23 -pedantic-errors" } */
+
+void
+f ()
+{
+  (int []) { }; /* { dg-error "array of unknown size with empty initializer" } */
+}