charmaps-copy.cc 37.96 KiB
// DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It was copied from the libgcobol directory.
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#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <langinfo.h>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <locale.h>
#include <iconv.h>
#include "libgcobol.h"
#include "charmaps.h"
#include "valconv.h"
// First: single-byte-coded (SBC) character sets:
// 7-bit ASCII is a subset of the various ISO/IEC 8859 code pages.
// 8859 is a subset of code page 1252.
// CP1252 is informally, and improperly, known as the "ANSI" code set. In
// modern usage, when somebody says "8859-1", they almost invariably are
// referring to a CP1252 code set.
// EBCDIC is also an SBC character set. IBM's original "international EBCDIC"
// code set was Code Page 37, which did not have a Euro sign. Code Page 1140
// is the same as CP37, but with the Euro sign replacing the "universal
// currency symbol" at position 0x9F. The table below maps the 256 values of
// CodePage 1140 to the 256 values of CodePage 1252 in a way that allows for
// "round trip" conversion without any loss.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Code_page_37&oldid=1082467670,
// The modern world increasingly uses UTF-8, which is in conflict with ordinary
// COBOL's inherently single-byte nature. In UTF-8, the encoding for a Euro
// sign is three bytes (U+20AC encodes to E2 A2 AC). In single-byte CP1252, the// Euro is encoded as 0x80.
// So, we are going to assume that internally, the generated COBOL executable
// operates in code page 1252 or [hopefully some day] code page 1140.
// We will convert output, as in DISPLAY <something> from the internal character
// set to the running machine's locale (for now, that locale will be assumed to
// be 1252/8859 if it isn't UTF-8).
// And we will take some pains to figure out if the source code file was done
// as UTF-8; if not, we will assume 1252/8859-1
// __gg__ebcdic_codeset_in_use is the ultimate determinator of whether the
// internal codeset is ASCII/CP1252 or EBCDIC/CP1140.
bool __gg__ebcdic_codeset_in_use = false ;
static text_codeset_t source_codeset = cs_cp1252_e;
static text_codeset_t console_codeset = cs_default_e;
#define UNICODE_REPLACEMENT 0xFFFD // This a white question mark in a black diamond
#define ASCII_REPLACEMENT 0x87 // In CP1252, 0x87 is a double-dagger
// This table is the default one-to-one mapping that's used, for example, when
// starting with ASCII and doing ASCII comparisons:
const unsigned short
__gg__one_to_one_values[256] =
{
0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,
0x10,0x11,0x12,0x13,0x14,0x15,0x16,0x17,0x18,0x19,0x1A,0x1B,0x1C,0x1D,0x1E,0x1F,
0x20,0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x28,0x29,0x2A,0x2B,0x2C,0x2D,0x2E,0x2F,
0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39,0x3A,0x3B,0x3C,0x3D,0x3E,0x3F,
0x40,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,0x48,0x49,0x4A,0x4B,0x4C,0x4D,0x4E,0x4F,
0x50,0x51,0x52,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57,0x58,0x59,0x5A,0x5B,0x5C,0x5D,0x5E,0x5F,
0x60,0x61,0x62,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69,0x6A,0x6B,0x6C,0x6D,0x6E,0x6F,
0x70,0x71,0x72,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,0x77,0x78,0x79,0x7A,0x7B,0x7C,0x7D,0x7E,0x7F,
0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,
0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F,
0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,
0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF,
0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,
0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF,
0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,
0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF
};
// This table can be used for converting EBCDIC values to CP1252.
// There is an unfortunate caveat, one that undoubtedly will have unintended
// consequences. But COBOL has has the concept of a HIGH-VALUE, a character
// that theoretically tests alphanumercially greater than all other characters.
// In the CP1252 code page, the default HIGH-VALUE (it can be changed by the
// ALPHABET clause is 0xFF, which is displayed as the character 'ÿ'). In the
// EBCDIC code page 1140, that character is an EO control code.
// So. In order that the default HIGH-VALUE once and always is 0xFF, these
// two tables have been modified slightly so that 0xFF always maps to 0xFF
// Programmers who use the ALPHABET clause to change the HIGH-VALUE are on their
// own.
const unsigned short
__gg__cp1140_to_cp1252_values[256] =
{
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x9C, 0x09, 0x86, 0x7F, 0x97, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F,
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x9D, 0x85, 0x08, 0x87, 0x18, 0x19, 0x92, 0x8F, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F,
0xA4, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x0A, 0x17, 0x1B, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07,
0x90, 0x91, 0x16, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x04, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x14, 0x15, 0x9E, 0x1A,
0x20, 0xA0, 0xE2, 0xE4, 0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE7, 0xF1, 0xA2, 0x2E, 0x3C, 0x28, 0x2B, 0x7C, 0x26, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xE8, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xDF, 0x21, 0x24, 0x2A, 0x29, 0x3B, 0xAC,
0x2D, 0x2F, 0xC2, 0xC4, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC3, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xD1, 0xA6, 0x2C, 0x25, 0x5F, 0x3E, 0x3F,
0xF8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xC8, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, 0xCC, 0x60, 0x3A, 0x23, 0x40, 0x27, 0x3D, 0x22,
0xD8, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0xAB, 0xBB, 0xF0, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xB1,
0xB0, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0x6C, 0x6D, 0x6E, 0x6F, 0x70, 0x71, 0x72, 0xAA, 0xBA, 0xE6, 0xB8, 0xC6, 0x80,
0xB5, 0x7E, 0x73, 0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79, 0x7A, 0xA1, 0xBF, 0xD0, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xAE,
0x5E, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xB7, 0xA9, 0xA7, 0xB6, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0x5B, 0x5D, 0xAF, 0xA8, 0xB4, 0xD7,
0x7B, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48, 0x49, 0xAD, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF5,
0x7D, 0x4A, 0x4B, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x4E, 0x4F, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0xB9, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFF,
0x5C, 0xF7, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, 0x58, 0x59, 0x5A, 0xB2, 0xD4, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD5,
0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0xB3, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xD9, 0xDA, /*0x9F*/ 0xFF,
};
// This table is the mirror image of cp1140_to_cp1252_values, except for the
// above-mentioned 0xFF
const unsigned short
__gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[256] =
{
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x37, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0x16, 0x05, 0x25, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F,
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x3C, 0x3D, 0x32, 0x26, 0x18, 0x19, 0x3F, 0x27, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F,
0x40, 0x5A, 0x7F, 0x7B, 0x5B, 0x6C, 0x50, 0x7D, 0x4D, 0x5D, 0x5C, 0x4E, 0x6B, 0x60, 0x4B, 0x61,
0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0x7A, 0x5E, 0x4C, 0x7E, 0x6E, 0x6F,
0x7C, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6,
0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xBA, 0xE0, 0xBB, 0xB0, 0x6D,
0x79, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96,
0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xC0, 0x4F, 0xD0, 0xA1, 0x07,
0x9F, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x15, 0x06, 0x17, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2A, 0x2B, 0x2C, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x1B,
0x30, 0x31, 0x1A, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x08, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0x04, 0x14, 0x3E, 0xFF,
0x41, 0xAA, 0x4A, 0xB1, 0x20, 0xB2, 0x6A, 0xB5, 0xBD, 0xB4, 0x9A, 0x8A, 0x5F, 0xCA, 0xAF, 0xBC,
0x90, 0x8F, 0xEA, 0xFA, 0xBE, 0xA0, 0xB6, 0xB3, 0x9D, 0xDA, 0x9B, 0x8B, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xAB,
0x64, 0x65, 0x62, 0x66, 0x63, 0x67, 0x9E, 0x68, 0x74, 0x71, 0x72, 0x73, 0x78, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77,
0xAC, 0x69, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEB, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0x59,
0x44, 0x45, 0x42, 0x46, 0x43, 0x47, 0x9C, 0x48, 0x54, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x58, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57,
0x8C, 0x49, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCB, 0xCF, 0xCC, 0xE1, 0x70, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0x8D, 0x8E, /*0xDF*/ 0xFF,
};
// This is the EBCDIC collating sequence when the internal character set is CP1252. It's actually
// a copy of __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values, but modified so that 0xFF maps to 0xFF.
// Doing this meant swapping the CP1252 upper-Y-umlaut with lower-Y-umlaut.
const unsigned short
__gg__cp1252_to_ebcdic_collation[256] =
{
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x37, 0x2d, 0x2e, 0x2f, 0x16, 0x05, 0x25, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f,
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x3c, 0x3d, 0x32, 0x26, 0x18, 0x19, 0x3f, 0x27, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1e, 0x1f,
0x40, 0x5a, 0x7f, 0x7b, 0x5b, 0x6c, 0x50, 0x7d, 0x4d, 0x5d, 0x5c, 0x4e, 0x6b, 0x60, 0x4b, 0x61,
0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0xf3, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0xf6, 0xf7, 0xf8, 0xf9, 0x7a, 0x5e, 0x4c, 0x7e, 0x6e, 0x6f,
0x7c, 0xc1, 0xc2, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc7, 0xc8, 0xc9, 0xd1, 0xd2, 0xd3, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0xd6,
0xd7, 0xd8, 0xd9, 0xe2, 0xe3, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xe6, 0xe7, 0xe8, 0xe9, 0xba, 0xe0, 0xbb, 0xb0, 0x6d,
0x79, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96,
0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0xa2, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa5, 0xa6, 0xa7, 0xa8, 0xa9, 0xc0, 0x4f, 0xd0, 0xa1, 0x07,
0x9f, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x15, 0x06, 0x17, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2a, 0x2b, 0x2c, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x1b,
0x30, 0x31, 0x1a, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x08, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x04, 0x14, 0x3e, 0xdf,
0x41, 0xaa, 0x4a, 0xb1, 0x20, 0xb2, 0x6a, 0xb5, 0xbd, 0xb4, 0x9a, 0x8a, 0x5f, 0xca, 0xaf, 0xbc,
0x90, 0x8f, 0xea, 0xfa, 0xbe, 0xa0, 0xb6, 0xb3, 0x9d, 0xda, 0x9b, 0x8b, 0xb7, 0xb8, 0xb9, 0xab,
0x64, 0x65, 0x62, 0x66, 0x63, 0x67, 0x9e, 0x68, 0x74, 0x71, 0x72, 0x73, 0x78, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77,
0xac, 0x69, 0xed, 0xee, 0xeb, 0xef, 0xec, 0xbf, 0x80, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xad, 0xae, 0x59,
0x44, 0x45, 0x42, 0x46, 0x43, 0x47, 0x9c, 0x48, 0x54, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x58, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57,
0x8c, 0x49, 0xcd, 0xce, 0xcb, 0xcf, 0xcc, 0xe1, 0x70, 0xdd, 0xde, 0xdb, 0xdc, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0xff,
};
// When using the EBCDIC internal character set, but if told to use the ASCII collating sequence,
// this table can be used. It's based on the __gg__cp1140_to_cp1252_values, but with the two
// characters at locations DF and FF swapped so that the HIGH-VALUE 0xFF maps to 0xFF.
const unsigned short
__gg__ebcdic_to_cp1252_collation[256] =
{
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x9C, 0x09, 0x86, 0x7F, 0x97, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F,
0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x9D, 0x85, 0x08, 0x87, 0x18, 0x19, 0x92, 0x8F, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F,
0xA4, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x0A, 0x17, 0x1B, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07,
0x90, 0x91, 0x16, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x04, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x14, 0x15, 0x9E, 0x1A, 0x20, 0xA0, 0xE2, 0xE4, 0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE7, 0xF1, 0xA2, 0x2E, 0x3C, 0x28, 0x2B, 0x7C,
0x26, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xE8, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xDF, 0x21, 0x24, 0x2A, 0x29, 0x3B, 0xAC,
0x2D, 0x2F, 0xC2, 0xC4, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC3, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xD1, 0xA6, 0x2C, 0x25, 0x5F, 0x3E, 0x3F,
0xF8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xC8, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, 0xCC, 0x60, 0x3A, 0x23, 0x40, 0x27, 0x3D, 0x22,
0xD8, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0xAB, 0xBB, 0xF0, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xB1,
0xB0, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0x6C, 0x6D, 0x6E, 0x6F, 0x70, 0x71, 0x72, 0xAA, 0xBA, 0xE6, 0xB8, 0xC6, 0x80,
0xB5, 0x7E, 0x73, 0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79, 0x7A, 0xA1, 0xBF, 0xD0, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xAE,
0x5E, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xB7, 0xA9, 0xA7, 0xB6, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0x5B, 0x5D, 0xAF, 0xA8, 0xB4, 0xD7,
0x7B, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48, 0x49, 0xAD, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF5,
0x7D, 0x4A, 0x4B, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x4E, 0x4F, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0xB9, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xDF,
0x5C, 0xF7, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, 0x58, 0x59, 0x5A, 0xB2, 0xD4, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD5,
0x30, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0xB3, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xFF,
};
// This table is used for converting code page 1252 to the subset of UTF-8 that
// that contains CP1252
static const unsigned short
cp1252_to_utf8_values[256] =
{
0x0000, 0x0001, 0x0002, 0x0003, 0x0004, 0x0005, 0x0006, 0x0007, 0x0008, 0x0009, 0x000a, 0x000b, 0x000c, 0x000d, 0x000e, 0x000f, // 00
0x0010, 0x0011, 0x0012, 0x0013, 0x0014, 0x0015, 0x0016, 0x0017, 0x0018, 0x0019, 0x001a, 0x001b, 0x001c, 0x001d, 0x001e, 0x001f, // 10
0x0020, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0x0025, 0x0026, 0x0027, 0x0028, 0x0029, 0x002a, 0x002b, 0x002c, 0x002d, 0x002e, 0x002f, // 20
0x0030, 0x0031, 0x0032, 0x0033, 0x0034, 0x0035, 0x0036, 0x0037, 0x0038, 0x0039, 0x003a, 0x003b, 0x003c, 0x003d, 0x003e, 0x003f, // 30
0x0040, 0x0041, 0x0042, 0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004a, 0x004b, 0x004c, 0x004d, 0x004e, 0x004f, // 40
0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005a, 0x005b, 0x005c, 0x005d, 0x005e, 0x005f, // 50
0x0060, 0x0061, 0x0062, 0x0063, 0x0064, 0x0065, 0x0066, 0x0067, 0x0068, 0x0069, 0x006a, 0x006b, 0x006c, 0x006d, 0x006e, 0x006f, // 60
0x0070, 0x0071, 0x0072, 0x0073, 0x0074, 0x0075, 0x0076, 0x0077, 0x0078, 0x0079, 0x007a, 0x007b, 0x007c, 0x007d, 0x007e, 0x007f, // 70
0x20ac, 0x0081, 0x201a, 0x0192, 0x201e, 0x2026, 0x2020, 0x2021, 0x02c6, 0x2030, 0x0160, 0x2039, 0x0152, 0x008d, 0x017d, 0x008f, // 80
0x0090, 0x2018, 0x2019, 0x201c, 0x201d, 0x2022, 0x2013, 0x2014, 0x02dc, 0x2122, 0x0161, 0x203a, 0x0153, 0x009d, 0x017e, 0x0178, // 90
0x00a0, 0x00a1, 0x00a2, 0x00a3, 0x00a4, 0x00a5, 0x00a6, 0x00a7, 0x00a8, 0x00a9, 0x00aa, 0x00ab, 0x00ac, 0x00ad, 0x00ae, 0x00af, // A0
0x00b0, 0x00b1, 0x00b2, 0x00b3, 0x00b4, 0x00b5, 0x00b6, 0x00b7, 0x00b8, 0x00b9, 0x00ba, 0x00bb, 0x00bc, 0x00bd, 0x00be, 0x00bf, // B0
0x00c0, 0x00c1, 0x00c2, 0x00c3, 0x00c4, 0x00c5, 0x00c6, 0x00c7, 0x00c8, 0x00c9, 0x00ca, 0x00cb, 0x00cc, 0x00cd, 0x00ce, 0x00cf, // C0
0x00d0, 0x00d1, 0x00d2, 0x00d3, 0x00d4, 0x00d5, 0x00d6, 0x00d7, 0x00d8, 0x00d9, 0x00da, 0x00db, 0x00dc, 0x00dd, 0x00de, 0x00df, // D0
0x00e0, 0x00e1, 0x00e2, 0x00e3, 0x00e4, 0x00e5, 0x00e6, 0x00e7, 0x00e8, 0x00e9, 0x00ea, 0x00eb, 0x00ec, 0x00ed, 0x00ee, 0x00ef, // E0
0x00f0, 0x00f1, 0x00f2, 0x00f3, 0x00f4, 0x00f5, 0x00f6, 0x00f7, 0x00f8, 0x00f9, 0x00fa, 0x00fb, 0x00fc, 0x00fd, 0x00fe, 0x00ff, // F0
};
// This map table doe the reverse UTF-8 conversion back to cp1252
static const std::unordered_map<unsigned short, unsigned char>utf8_to_cp1252_values =
{
{0x0000, 0x00}, {0x0001, 0x01}, {0x0002, 0x02}, {0x0003, 0x03}, {0x0004, 0x04}, {0x0005, 0x05}, {0x0006, 0x06}, {0x0007, 0x07},
{0x0008, 0x08}, {0x0009, 0x09}, {0x000a, 0x0a}, {0x000b, 0x0b}, {0x000c, 0x0c}, {0x000d, 0x0d}, {0x000e, 0x0e}, {0x000f, 0x0f},
{0x0010, 0x10}, {0x0011, 0x11}, {0x0012, 0x12}, {0x0013, 0x13}, {0x0014, 0x14}, {0x0015, 0x15}, {0x0016, 0x16}, {0x0017, 0x17},
{0x0018, 0x18}, {0x0019, 0x19}, {0x001a, 0x1a}, {0x001b, 0x1b}, {0x001c, 0x1c}, {0x001d, 0x1d}, {0x001e, 0x1e}, {0x001f, 0x1f},
{0x0020, 0x20}, {0x0021, 0x21}, {0x0022, 0x22}, {0x0023, 0x23}, {0x0024, 0x24}, {0x0025, 0x25}, {0x0026, 0x26}, {0x0027, 0x27},
{0x0028, 0x28}, {0x0029, 0x29}, {0x002a, 0x2a}, {0x002b, 0x2b}, {0x002c, 0x2c}, {0x002d, 0x2d}, {0x002e, 0x2e}, {0x002f, 0x2f},
{0x0030, 0x30}, {0x0031, 0x31}, {0x0032, 0x32}, {0x0033, 0x33}, {0x0034, 0x34}, {0x0035, 0x35}, {0x0036, 0x36}, {0x0037, 0x37},
{0x0038, 0x38}, {0x0039, 0x39}, {0x003a, 0x3a}, {0x003b, 0x3b}, {0x003c, 0x3c}, {0x003d, 0x3d}, {0x003e, 0x3e}, {0x003f, 0x3f},
{0x0040, 0x40}, {0x0041, 0x41}, {0x0042, 0x42}, {0x0043, 0x43}, {0x0044, 0x44}, {0x0045, 0x45}, {0x0046, 0x46}, {0x0047, 0x47},
{0x0048, 0x48}, {0x0049, 0x49}, {0x004a, 0x4a}, {0x004b, 0x4b}, {0x004c, 0x4c}, {0x004d, 0x4d}, {0x004e, 0x4e}, {0x004f, 0x4f},
{0x0050, 0x50}, {0x0051, 0x51}, {0x0052, 0x52}, {0x0053, 0x53}, {0x0054, 0x54}, {0x0055, 0x55}, {0x0056, 0x56}, {0x0057, 0x57},
{0x0058, 0x58}, {0x0059, 0x59}, {0x005a, 0x5a}, {0x005b, 0x5b}, {0x005c, 0x5c}, {0x005d, 0x5d}, {0x005e, 0x5e}, {0x005f, 0x5f},
{0x0060, 0x60}, {0x0061, 0x61}, {0x0062, 0x62}, {0x0063, 0x63}, {0x0064, 0x64}, {0x0065, 0x65}, {0x0066, 0x66}, {0x0067, 0x67},
{0x0068, 0x68}, {0x0069, 0x69}, {0x006a, 0x6a}, {0x006b, 0x6b}, {0x006c, 0x6c}, {0x006d, 0x6d}, {0x006e, 0x6e}, {0x006f, 0x6f},
{0x0070, 0x70}, {0x0071, 0x71}, {0x0072, 0x72}, {0x0073, 0x73}, {0x0074, 0x74}, {0x0075, 0x75}, {0x0076, 0x76}, {0x0077, 0x77},
{0x0078, 0x78}, {0x0079, 0x79}, {0x007a, 0x7a}, {0x007b, 0x7b}, {0x007c, 0x7c}, {0x007d, 0x7d}, {0x007e, 0x7e}, {0x007f, 0x7f},
{0x20ac, 0x80}, {0x0081, 0x81}, {0x201a, 0x82}, {0x0192, 0x83}, {0x201e, 0x84}, {0x2026, 0x85}, {0x2020, 0x86}, {0x2021, 0x87},
{0x02c6, 0x88}, {0x2030, 0x89}, {0x0160, 0x8a}, {0x2039, 0x8b}, {0x0152, 0x8c}, {0x008d, 0x8d}, {0x017d, 0x8e}, {0x008f, 0x8f},
{0x0090, 0x90}, {0x2018, 0x91}, {0x2019, 0x92}, {0x201c, 0x93}, {0x201d, 0x94}, {0x2022, 0x95}, {0x2013, 0x96}, {0x2014, 0x97},
{0x02dc, 0x98}, {0x2122, 0x99}, {0x0161, 0x9a}, {0x203a, 0x9b}, {0x0153, 0x9c}, {0x009d, 0x9d}, {0x017e, 0x9e}, {0x0178, 0x9f},
{0x00a0, 0xa0}, {0x00a1, 0xa1}, {0x00a2, 0xa2}, {0x00a3, 0xa3}, {0x00a4, 0xa4}, {0x00a5, 0xa5}, {0x00a6, 0xa6}, {0x00a7, 0xa7},
{0x00a8, 0xa8}, {0x00a9, 0xa9}, {0x00aa, 0xaa}, {0x00ab, 0xab}, {0x00ac, 0xac}, {0x00ad, 0xad}, {0x00ae, 0xae}, {0x00af, 0xaf},
{0x00b0, 0xb0}, {0x00b1, 0xb1}, {0x00b2, 0xb2}, {0x00b3, 0xb3}, {0x00b4, 0xb4}, {0x00b5, 0xb5}, {0x00b6, 0xb6}, {0x00b7, 0xb7},
{0x00b8, 0xb8}, {0x00b9, 0xb9}, {0x00ba, 0xba}, {0x00bb, 0xbb}, {0x00bc, 0xbc}, {0x00bd, 0xbd}, {0x00be, 0xbe}, {0x00bf, 0xbf},
{0x00c0, 0xc0}, {0x00c1, 0xc1}, {0x00c2, 0xc2}, {0x00c3, 0xc3}, {0x00c4, 0xc4}, {0x00c5, 0xc5}, {0x00c6, 0xc6}, {0x00c7, 0xc7},
{0x00c8, 0xc8}, {0x00c9, 0xc9}, {0x00ca, 0xca}, {0x00cb, 0xcb}, {0x00cc, 0xcc}, {0x00cd, 0xcd}, {0x00ce, 0xce}, {0x00cf, 0xcf},
{0x00d0, 0xd0}, {0x00d1, 0xd1}, {0x00d2, 0xd2}, {0x00d3, 0xd3}, {0x00d4, 0xd4}, {0x00d5, 0xd5}, {0x00d6, 0xd6}, {0x00d7, 0xd7},
{0x00d8, 0xd8}, {0x00d9, 0xd9}, {0x00da, 0xda}, {0x00db, 0xdb}, {0x00dc, 0xdc}, {0x00dd, 0xdd}, {0x00de, 0xde}, {0x00df, 0xdf},
{0x00e0, 0xe0}, {0x00e1, 0xe1}, {0x00e2, 0xe2}, {0x00e3, 0xe3}, {0x00e4, 0xe4}, {0x00e5, 0xe5}, {0x00e6, 0xe6}, {0x00e7, 0xe7}, {0x00e8, 0xe8}, {0x00e9, 0xe9}, {0x00ea, 0xea}, {0x00eb, 0xeb}, {0x00ec, 0xec}, {0x00ed, 0xed}, {0x00ee, 0xee}, {0x00ef, 0xef},
{0x00f0, 0xf0}, {0x00f1, 0xf1}, {0x00f2, 0xf2}, {0x00f3, 0xf3}, {0x00f4, 0xf4}, {0x00f5, 0xf5}, {0x00f6, 0xf6}, {0x00f7, 0xf7},
{0x00f8, 0xf8}, {0x00f9, 0xf9}, {0x00fa, 0xfa}, {0x00fb, 0xfb}, {0x00fc, 0xfc}, {0x00fd, 0xfd}, {0x00fe, 0xfe}, {0x00ff, 0xff},
};
// This function extracts the next unicode code point from a stream of UTF-8
// data.
static bool
raw_is_SBC()
{
bool retval = false;
switch(source_codeset)
{
case cs_cp1252_e:
retval = true;
break;
default:
break;
}
return retval;
}
static size_t
extract_next_code_point(const unsigned char *utf8,
const size_t /*length_in_bytes*/,
size_t &position)
{
long retval = -1; // Means a badly formed code point
unsigned char ch = utf8[position++];
long under_construction = 0;
int countdown = 0;
if( (ch & 0x80) == 0x00 )
{
// We are in the ASCII subset of UTF-8, and we are done
retval = ch;
goto done;
}
else if( (ch & 0xE0) == 0xC0 )
{
// There is one byte to follow
countdown = 1;
under_construction = ch & 0x1F;
}
else if( (ch & 0xF0) == 0xE0 )
{
countdown = 2;
under_construction = ch & 0x0F;
}
else if( (ch & 0xF8) == 0xF0 )
{
countdown = 3;
under_construction = ch & 0x07;
}
else
{
// We have a poorly-constructed UTF-8 encoding
goto done;
}
while( countdown-- )
{
ch = utf8[position++];
// We are in a follow-up encoded byte:
if( (ch & 0xC0) == 0x80 )
{
// The top two bits are 10, so build in the bottom six bits
under_construction <<= 6;
under_construction |= (ch & 0x3F); }
else
{
// This is a poorly-formed encoding
goto done;
}
}
retval = under_construction;
done:
return retval;
}
void flipper(void)
{
for(int i=0; i<256; i++)
{
fprintf(stderr, "{0x%4.4x, 0x%2.2x}, ", cp1252_to_utf8_values[i], i);
if( (i % 8) == 7 )
{
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
}
}
extern "C"
char __gg__ascii_to_ascii_chr(char ch)
{
return ch;
}
extern "C"
char __gg__ascii_to_ebcdic_chr(char ch)
{
return (char)__gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[(ch&0xFF)];
}
extern "C"
char *
__gg__raw_to_ascii(char **dest, size_t *dest_size, const char *in, size_t length)
{
// We are anticipating `length` characters, some of which might be multi-
// character UTF-8 codepoints. We are sending back a nul-terminated string
// of SBC ASCII values.
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, length+1);
// This is the byte position of the output
size_t index = 0;
// This is the byte position of the input
size_t position = 0;
while( index < length )
{
// In the case of "display "âêîôû", when the source code is encoded in
// UTF-8, the field->data.capacity is showing up as 10, because that
// UTF-8 string is ten bytes long, and the parser is not counting
// characters. The data.initial field is indeed nul-terminated, so when we
// hit a nul, we bug out:
if( in[position] == '\0' )
{
// We have hit the end. We want to space-fill to the right:
while( index < length )
{
(*dest)[index++] = internal_space;
}
break;
}
// Special handling for PIC X VALUE HIGH-VALUE. If we just hand default
// 0xFF values to the rest of the routine, the utf-8 detection will give
// us a result that confuses the remainder of the processing.
if( (in[position]&0xFF) == 0xFF )
{
(*dest)[index++] = in[position++];
continue;
}
if( raw_is_SBC() )
{
(*dest)[index++] = in[position++];
continue;
}
size_t code_point;
// Pull the next code_point from the UTF-8 stream
long unicode_point = extract_next_code_point((const unsigned char *)in,
length,
position );
// Check for that unicode code point in the subset of characters we
// know about:
std::unordered_map<unsigned short, unsigned char>::const_iterator it =
utf8_to_cp1252_values.find(unicode_point);
if( it == utf8_to_cp1252_values.end() )
{
// That unicode character isn't in our list
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else
{
code_point = it->second;
}
(*dest)[index++] = (char)code_point;
}
(*dest)[index++] = '\0';
return *dest;
}
extern "C"
char *
__gg__raw_to_ebcdic(char **dest, size_t *dest_size, const char *in, size_t length)
{
// A UTF-8 string is at least as long as the single-byte-coded resulting
// string:
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, length+1);
size_t index = 0;
size_t position = 0;
size_t code_point;
while( index < length )
{
// See comments in __gg__raw_to_ascii
if( in[position] == '\0' )
{
// We have hit the end. We want to space-fill to the right:
while( index < length )
{
(*dest)[index++] = internal_space;
}
break;
}
if( raw_is_SBC() )
{
code_point = in[position++];
long ebcdic_code_point = __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[code_point&0xFF];
(*dest)[index++] = ebcdic_code_point; continue;
}
if( (in[position]&0xff) == 0xff )
{
// HIGH-VALUE is a special case
(*dest)[index++] = in[position++];
continue;
}
// Pull the next code_point from the UTF-8 stream
long unicode_point = extract_next_code_point( (const unsigned char *)in,
length,
position );
// Check for that unicode code point in the subset of characters we
// know about:
std::unordered_map<unsigned short, unsigned char>::const_iterator it =
utf8_to_cp1252_values.find(unicode_point);
if( it == utf8_to_cp1252_values.end() )
{
// That unicode character isn't in our list
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else
{
code_point = it->second;
}
// TODO: This could be sped up by creating a utf8_to_cp1140_values map.
// But sufficient unto the day are the evils thereof
long ebcdic_code_point = __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[code_point&0xFF];
(*dest)[index++] = ebcdic_code_point;
}
(*dest)[index++] = '\0';
return *dest;
}
static
char *
convert_cp1252_to_utf8(char **dest, size_t *dest_size, const char *in, size_t length)
{
// Worst case is all unicode characters.
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, 4 * length + 1);
size_t index = 0;
for(size_t i=0; i<length; i++)
{
unsigned char ch = *in++;
size_t unicode_point = cp1252_to_utf8_values[ch];
if( unicode_point < 0x0080 )
{
// Single-byte
(*dest)[index++] = (char)unicode_point;
}
else if(unicode_point < 0x0800)
{
// Two-byte:
(*dest)[index++] = 0xC0 + (unicode_point>>6);
(*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>0) & 0x3F);
}
else if(unicode_point < 0x10000)
{
// Three-byte:
(*dest)[index++] = 0xE0 + (unicode_point>>12);
(*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>6) & 0x3F);
(*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>0) & 0x3F);
}
else
{
// Four-byte:
(*dest)[index++] = 0xF0 + (unicode_point>>18); (*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>12) & 0x3F);
(*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>6) & 0x3F);
(*dest)[index++] = 0x80 + ((unicode_point>>0) & 0x3F);
}
}
(*dest)[index++] = '\0';
return *dest;
}
// This is the address of the 256-character map for internal characters
// It'll be set to one-to-one for ASCII, and to cp1252-to-cp1140_values for
// EBCDIC.
unsigned short const *__gg__internal_codeset_map;
// Here is the list of function pointers establish which ones of the paired
// possibilities of conversion routines are actually in use.
char (*__gg__ascii_to_internal_chr)(char);
void (*__gg__ascii_to_internal_str)(char *str, size_t length);
char *(*__gg__raw_to_internal)(char **dest, size_t *dest_size, const char *in, const size_t length);
char *(*__gg__internal_to_console_cm)(char **dest, size_t *dest_size, const char *in, size_t length);
void (*__gg__console_to_internal_cm)(char * const str, size_t length);
void (*__gg__internal_to_ascii)(char *str, size_t length);
extern "C"
void __gg__set_internal_codeset(int use_ebcdic)
{
__gg__ebcdic_codeset_in_use = !!use_ebcdic;
}
extern "C"
void __gg__text_conversion_override(text_device_t device,
text_codeset_t codeset)
{
// Establish the default sourcecode and console codesets, and
// establish the codeset conversion routines:
if( internal_is_ebcdic )
{
// fprintf(stderr, "Setting up EBCDIC\n");
__gg__internal_codeset_map = __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values;
__gg__ascii_to_internal_chr = &__gg__ascii_to_ebcdic_chr;
__gg__ascii_to_internal_str = &__gg__ascii_to_ebcdic;
__gg__raw_to_internal = &__gg__raw_to_ebcdic;
__gg__internal_to_console_cm = &__gg__ebcdic_to_console;
__gg__console_to_internal_cm = &__gg__console_to_ebcdic;
__gg__internal_to_ascii = &__gg__ebcdic_to_ascii;
}
else
{
// fprintf(stderr, "Setting up ASCII\n");
__gg__internal_codeset_map = __gg__one_to_one_values;
__gg__ascii_to_internal_chr = &__gg__ascii_to_ascii_chr;
__gg__ascii_to_internal_str = &__gg__ascii_to_ascii;
__gg__raw_to_internal = &__gg__raw_to_ascii;
__gg__internal_to_console_cm = &__gg__ascii_to_console;
__gg__console_to_internal_cm = &__gg__console_to_ascii;
__gg__internal_to_ascii = &__gg__ascii_to_ascii;
}
switch(device)
{
case td_default_e:
{
// We are setting our codesets to the defaults
// First, sort out the console:
// It is my understanding that the environment variable LANG is // supposed to be set by the terminal to indicate the terminal's
// current character set. Let's use that as the winner, even if
// that's not quite the way locale(3) works.
const char *envLANG = getenv("LANG");
if( !envLANG )
{
// This is odd. No "LANG"?
envLANG = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
}
if( !envLANG )
{
// This is even more odd. Pick something as a backup to the backup
envLANG = "UTF-8";
}
if( envLANG )
{
if( strcasestr(envLANG, "UTF-8") )
{
console_codeset = cs_utf8_e;
}
else
{
// If it isn't UTF-8, then figure on it being CP1252 as a
// convenient way of specifying an SBC codeset.
console_codeset = cs_cp1252_e;
}
}
break;
}
case td_sourcecode_e:
// Explicitly set the source code codeset:
source_codeset = codeset;
break;
case td_console_e:
// Explicitly set the console codeset:
console_codeset = codeset;
break;
}
}
extern "C"
void
__gg__ascii_to_ascii(char *, size_t )
{
return;
}
extern "C"
void
__gg__ascii_to_ebcdic(char *str, size_t length)
{
for(size_t i=0; i<length; i++)
{
str[i] = __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[str[i]&0xFF];
}
}
extern "C"
void
__gg__ebcdic_to_ascii(char * const str, size_t length)
{
for(size_t i=0; i<length; i++)
{
str[i] = __gg__cp1140_to_cp1252_values[str[i]&0xFF];
}
}
extern "C"char *__gg__ascii_to_console( char **dest,
size_t *dest_size,
char const * const str,
const size_t length)
{
if( console_codeset == cs_utf8_e )
{
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, length);
convert_cp1252_to_utf8(dest, dest_size, str, length);
}
else
{
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, length+1);
memcpy(*dest, str, length);
(*dest)[length] = '\0';
}
return *dest;
}
extern "C"
char *__gg__ebcdic_to_console(char **dest,
size_t *dest_size,
char const * const str,
const size_t length)
{
static size_t ebcdic_size = MINIMUM_ALLOCATION_SIZE;
static char *ebcdic = (char *)malloc(ebcdic_size);
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(&ebcdic, &ebcdic_size, length);
memcpy(ebcdic, str, length);
__gg__ebcdic_to_ascii(ebcdic, length);
if( console_codeset == cs_utf8_e )
{
convert_cp1252_to_utf8(dest, dest_size, ebcdic, length);
}
else
{
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(dest, dest_size, length+1);
strcpy(*dest, ebcdic);
}
return *dest;
}
extern "C"
void __gg__console_to_ascii(char * const str, size_t length)
{
// In-place conversion of ASCII data that might be UTF-8 to CP1252
if( console_codeset == cs_cp1252_e )
{
// It's already what we want it to be
return;
}
char *dest = str;
size_t position = 0;
while( position < length )
{
size_t code_point;
// Pull the next code_point from the UTF-8 stream
long unicode_point
= extract_next_code_point( (const unsigned char *)str,
length,
position );
if( unicode_point == -1 )
{
// The UTF-8 stream was poorly formed.
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else {
// Check for that unicode code point in the subset of characters we
// know about:
std::unordered_map<unsigned short, unsigned char>::const_iterator it
= utf8_to_cp1252_values.find(unicode_point);
if( it == utf8_to_cp1252_values.end() )
{
// That unicode character isn't in our list
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else
{
code_point = it->second;
}
}
*dest++ = (char)code_point;
}
*dest++ = '\0';
}
extern "C"
void
__gg__console_to_ebcdic(char * const str, size_t length)
{
char *dest = str;
size_t position = 0;
while( position < length )
{
size_t code_point;
// Pull the next code_point from the UTF-8 stream
long unicode_point
= extract_next_code_point( (const unsigned char *)str,
length,
position );
if( unicode_point == -1 )
{
// The UTF-8 stream was poorly formed.
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else
{
// Check for that unicode code point in the subset of characters we
// know about:
std::unordered_map<unsigned short, unsigned char>::const_iterator it
= utf8_to_cp1252_values.find(unicode_point);
if( it == utf8_to_cp1252_values.end() )
{
// That unicode character isn't in our list
code_point = ASCII_REPLACEMENT;
}
else
{
code_point = it->second;
}
}
*dest++ = __gg__cp1252_to_cp1140_values[code_point&0xFF] ;
}
*dest++ = '\0';
}
extern "C"
size_t
_to_ctype(char * const location, size_t length)
{
// Converts from our internal codeset to the system LC_TYPE codeset
const char *fromcode;
const char *tocode;
if( __gg__ebcdic_codeset_in_use )
{ fromcode = "CP1140";
}
else
{
fromcode = "CP1252";
}
const char *ctype = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
if( strcasestr(ctype, "UTF") )
{
tocode = "UTF-8";
}
else
{
tocode = "CP1252";
}
iconv_t cd = iconv_open(tocode, fromcode);
assert( cd != (iconv_t)-1 );
static char *dest = NULL;
static size_t dest_size = 0;
// create a buffer long enough that iconv() won't fail:
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(&dest, &dest_size, 4*length+1);
// Set up for the iconv() call:
char *inbuf = location;
size_t inbytesleft = length;
char *outbuf = dest;
size_t outbytesleft = 2*length+1;
memset(dest, ' ', 2*length+1);
iconv(cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outbuf, &outbytesleft);
memcpy(location, dest, length);
return 0;
}
extern "C"
size_t
_from_ctype(char * const location, size_t length)
{
// Converts from our internal codeset to the system LC_TYPE codeset
const char *fromcode;
const char *tocode;
if( __gg__ebcdic_codeset_in_use )
{
tocode = "CP1140";
}
else
{
tocode = "CP1252";
}
const char *ctype = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
if( strcasestr(ctype, "UTF") )
{
fromcode = "UTF-8";
}
else
{
fromcode = "CP1252";
}
iconv_t cd = iconv_open(tocode, fromcode);
assert( cd != (iconv_t)-1 );
static char *dest = NULL;
static size_t dest_size = 0;
// create a buffer long enough that iconv() won't fail:
__gg__realloc_if_necessary(&dest, &dest_size, length+1);
// Set up for the iconv() call:
char *inbuf = location;
size_t inbytesleft = length;
char *outbuf = dest;
size_t outbytesleft = length+1;
memset(dest, internal_space, length+1);
///size_t iret =
iconv(cd, &inbuf, &inbytesleft, &outbuf, &outbytesleft);
memcpy(location, dest, length);
return 0;
}