The problem occurs when this function call is the expression of a return in
a function returning the limited interface; in this peculiar case, there is
a mismatch between the callee, which has BIP formals but is not a BIP call,
and the caller, which is a BIP function, that is spotted by an assertion.

This is fixed by restoring the semantics of Is_Build_In_Place_Function_Call,
which returns again true only for calls to BIP functions, introducing the
Is_Function_Call_With_BIP_Formals predicate, which also returns true for
calls to functions with BIP formals that are not BIP functions, and moving
down the assertion in Expand_Simple_Function_Return.

gcc/ada/
	PR ada/112781
	* exp_ch6.ads (Is_Build_In_Place_Function): Adjust description.
	* exp_ch6.adb (Is_True_Build_In_Place_Function_Call): Delete.
	(Is_Function_Call_With_BIP_Formals): New predicate.
	(Is_Build_In_Place_Function_Call): Restore original semantics.
	(Expand_Call_Helper): Adjust conditions guarding the calls to
	Add_Dummy_Build_In_Place_Actuals to above renaming.
	(Expand_N_Extended_Return_Statement): Adjust to above renaming.
	(Expand_Simple_Function_Return): Likewise.  Move the assertion
	to after the transformation into an extended return statement.
	(Make_Build_In_Place_Call_In_Allocator): Remove unreachable code.
	(Make_Build_In_Place_Call_In_Assignment): Likewise.

gcc/testsuite/
	* gnat.dg/bip_prim_func2.adb: New test.
	* gnat.dg/bip_prim_func2_pkg.ads, gnat.dg/bip_prim_func2_pkg.adb:
	New helper package.

Add dummy build-in-place parameters when a BIP function does not
require the BIP parameters but it is a dispatching operation that
inherited them.

gcc/ada/

	* einfo-utils.adb (Underlying_Type): Protect recursion call
	against non-available attribute Etype.
	* einfo.ads (Protected_Subprogram): Fix typo in documentation.
	* exp_ch3.adb (BIP_Function_Call_Id): New subprogram.
	(Expand_N_Object_Declaration): Improve code that evaluates if the
	object is initialized with a BIP function call.
	* exp_ch6.adb (Is_True_Build_In_Place_Function_Call): New
	subprogram.
	(Add_Task_Actuals_To_Build_In_Place_Call): Add dummy actuals if
	the function does not require the BIP task actuals but it is a
	dispatching operation that inherited them.
	(Build_In_Place_Formal): Improve code to avoid never-ending loop
	if the BIP formal is not found.
	(Add_Dummy_Build_In_Place_Actuals): New subprogram.
	(Expand_Call_Helper): Add calls to
	Add_Dummy_Build_In_Place_Actuals.
	(Expand_N_Extended_Return_Statement): Adjust assertion.
	(Expand_Simple_Function_Return): Adjust assertion.
	(Make_Build_In_Place_Call_In_Allocator): No action needed if the
	called function inherited the BIP extra formals but it is not a
	true BIP function.
	(Make_Build_In_Place_Call_In_Assignment): Ditto.
	* exp_intr.adb (Expand_Dispatching_Constructor_Call): Remove code
	reporting unsupported case (since this patch adds support for it).
	* sem_ch6.adb (Analyze_Subprogram_Body_Helper): Adding assertion
	to ensure matching of BIP formals when setting the
	Protected_Formal field of a protected subprogram to reference the
	corresponding extra formal of the subprogram that implements it.
	(Might_Need_BIP_Task_Actuals): New subprogram.
	(Create_Extra_Formals): Improve code adding inherited extra
	formals.

This is a regression present on the mainline and 13 branch, in the form of a
series of internal errors (3) on a function call returning the extension of
a limited interface.

This is only a partial fix for the first two assertion failures; the third
one is the most problematic and will be dealt with separately.

The first issue is in Instantiate_Type, where we use Base_Type in a specific
case to compute the ancestor of a derived type, which will later trigger the
assertion on line 16960 of sem_ch3.adb since Parent_Base and Generic_Actual
are the same node.  This is changed to use Etype like in other cases around.

The second issue is an unprotected use of Designated_Type on type T in
Analyze_Explicit_Dereference, while another use in an equivalent context
is guarded by Is_Access_Type a few lines above.

gcc/ada
	PR ada/112781
	* sem_ch12.adb (Instantiate_Type): Use Etype instead of Base_Type
	consistently to retrieve the ancestor for a derived type.
	* sem_ch4.adb (Analyze_Explicit_Dereference): Test Is_Access_Type
	consistently before accessing Designated_Type.

This is a small regression present on the mainline and 13 branch, in the
form of an internal error in gigi on anonymous access type equality.  We
now need to also accept them for anonymous access types that point to
compatible object subtypes in the language sense.

gcc/ada/
	* gcc-interface/utils2.cc (build_binary_op) <EQ_EXPR>: Relax
	assertion for regular pointer types.

gcc/testsuite/
	* gnat.dg/specs/anon4.ads: New test.

This is a small regression present on the mainline and 13 branch, although
the underlying problem has probably been there for ages, in the form of a
segfault during the delay slot scheduling pass, for a function that falls
through to exit without any instruction generated for the end of function.

gcc/
	PR rtl-optimization/113140
	* reorg.cc (fill_slots_from_thread): If we are to branch after the
	last instruction of the function, create an end label.

gcc/testsuite/
	* g++.dg/opt/delay-slot-2.C: New test.

Backport the extra tests from r14-3300-g023a62b77f999b.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

	* testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc: Add more checks for
	wstring formatting of arithmetic types.

This change ensures that char and wchar_t arguments are formatted
consistently when using integer presentation types. This avoids
non-portable std::format output that depends on whether char and wchar_t
happen to be signed or unsigned on the target. Formatting '\xff' as an
integer will now always format 255 and not sometimes -1. This was
approved in Kona 2023 as a DR for C++20 so the change is implemented
unconditionally.

Also make character formatters check for _Pres_c explicitly and call
_M_format_character directly. This avoid the overhead of calling format
and _S_to_character and then calling _M_format_character anyway.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

	* include/std/format (formatter<C, C>::format): Check for
	_Pres_c and call _M_format_character directly. Cast C to its
	unsigned equivalent for formatting as an integer.
	(formatter<char, wchar_t>::format): Likewise.
	(basic_format_arg(T&)): Store char arguments as unsigned char
	for formatting to a wide string.
	(__cpp_lib_format_uchar): Define.
	* include/std/version (__cpp_lib_format_uchar): Define.
	* testsuite/std/format/functions/format.cc: Adjust test. Check
	formatting of characters using all integer presentation types.

(cherry picked from commit 74a0dab1)

so they work with all combinations of -f[no-]data-sections -f[no-]common.
The patch also improves some diagnostics and adds additional checks, for
example these attributes must only be applied to variables in static storage.

gcc/
	PR target/112952
	* config/avr/avr.cc (avr_handle_addr_attribute): Also print valid
	range when diagnosing attribute "io" and "io_low" are out of range.
	(avr_eval_addr_attrib): Don't ICE on empty address at that place.
	(avr_insert_attributes): Reject if attribute "address", "io" or "io_low"
	in contexts other than static storage.
	(avr_asm_output_aligned_decl_common): Move output of decls with
	attribute "address", "io", and "io_low" to...
	(avr_output_addr_attrib): ...this new function.
	(avr_asm_asm_output_aligned_bss): Remove output for decls with
	attribute "address", "io", and "io_low".
	(avr_encode_section_info): Rectify handling of decls with attribute
	"address", "io", and "io_low".

gcc/testsuite/
	PR target/112952
	* gcc.target/avr/attribute-io.h: New file.
	* gcc.target/avr/pr112952-0.c: New test.
	* gcc.target/avr/pr112952-1.c: New test.
	* gcc.target/avr/pr112952-2.c: New test.
	* gcc.target/avr/pr112952-3.c: New test.

(cherry picked from commit c131b1d5)

The new __is_convertible built-in should only be used after checking
that it's supported.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

	PR libstdc++/113241
	* include/std/type_traits (is_convertible_v): Guard use of
	built-in with preprocessor check.

(cherry picked from commit 57fa5b60)